I Will Become a Physician Essays -- Medicine College Admissions Essays

I Will Become a Physician. Â With the ever-changing field of medication, numerous individuals wonder what medication will resemble later on. For instance, will we despite everything need to live in dread of getting a hopeless and savage sickness, similar to AIDS? Or on the other hand will medication later on have the ability of taking care of such dangers to our lives? Addressing these inquiries and having the best possible instruction and preparing to help forestall such dangers has been my significant desire. I feel that I can best satisfy this desire by turning into a doctor. Â I never truly thought of setting off for college until the tenth grade. Much the same as my dad, I had consistently figured I would be a specialist and own my own shop since I delighted in the difficulties that emerged while diagnosing various issues in vehicles. It wasn't until I was at my primary care physician's office that I understood the likenesses between crafted by doctors and mechanics. Both expect one to analyze and take care of issues. That was the point at which I got keen on medication. As time passed by, I began to build up an interest with the life structures, physiology, and organic chemistry of the human body. Moreover, I was stunned with how doctors had the option to utilize drug to lighten torment and mend people. Thusly, these attractions to the activities of the human body and the doctor's activity drove me to seek after a profession in medication. Â During my first semester at the University of Arizona, my ... ...ollege. Fortunately, I have a family that has upheld and energized my accomplishment in school. I have likewise been blessed enough to have made it this far on my street to clinical school with the assistance of my pre-clinical counsel, pre-clinical projects (MMEP), and my guide. I realize that with their proceeded with help, I will have the option to effectively finish the educational program expected to turn into a doctor. I know, notwithstanding, that the way to a clinical degree will be hard and long, however I will never surrender my fantasies about turning into a doctor. I am resolved to help battle the war against those dangerous maladies like AIDS, and by turning into a doctor, I can be on that unique group that will have any kind of effect in a patient's life.

Comparing the Major Theoretical Perspectives in Social Psychology Essay

Since individuals are such unpredictable, therapists had been attempting to find, comprehend and clarify human conduct during the time by utilizing alternate points of view. Every one of these procedures address these issues to some degree at an alternate level albeit once in a while can be put onto a similar setting and by utilizing mentioning cautious logical objective facts. A portion of the major hypothetical points of view of brain science were created and formed over the span of history by a portion of the extraordinary therapists referred to and can refered to as followed: 1.Motivational or Psychodynamic point of view is one of the most mainstream of brain science approach that was created by Sigmund Freud. As per this hypothesis, human inspiration is the consequence of contentions between instinctual however generally oblivious mental powers that Freud called the â€Å"id, inner self and superego.† This methodology had added to the principal formative hypothesis of human character by binds to carry these contentions to awareness utilizing intrapsychic structures. 2.Cognitive point of view then again clarified human conduct by utilizing diverse methodology saying that these practices are for the most part mindful and can be controlled through an immense range of mental procedures like memory and consideration, conviction frameworks, critical thinking and thinking, disposition and language. 3.Learning or Humanistic point of view depends on the possibility that individual can possibly self-realized or as it were to self-create and push ahead in response of their social and natural conditions. Therapists like Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow built up this type of mental point of view to attempt to take care of human issues and stressed on their capacity and potential to develop in a positive way. 4.Sociocultural point of view is accentuating on social associations and social determinants of conduct to clarify the psychological procedure of person. This viewpoint clarifies that psychological procedures are affected by variables, for example, ethnic, occupation and financial setting and social impacts. 5.Evolutionary point of view clarified human conduct dependent on the organic advancement of his species to get by through normal choice and adjustment. References Establishment of Physics (2008, March 5). Unpredictable Traffic: An Accident? Development work? No, Just Too Much Traffic. ScienceDaily Siri Carpenter, Karen Huffman, (2007-2008) .Visualizing Psychology, Second release, Introduction and Research Methods, 1, 4-27.

Community Sampling of Health Problem Occurrence

Community Sampling of Health Problem Occurrence BPD Print Community Sampling of Health Problem Occurrence By Kristalyn Salters-Pedneault, PhD Kristalyn Salters-Pedneault, PhD, is a clinical psychologist and associate professor of psychology at Eastern Connecticut State University. Learn about our editorial policy Kristalyn Salters-Pedneault, PhD Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on August 05, 2016 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on April 29, 2019 Christopher Futcher/E/Getty Images More in BPD Diagnosis Treatment Living With BPD Related Conditions Have you ever wondered what community sampling is? Are you shaking your head? If youre like most people (and especially if youve struggled through difficult math courses you never had a use for later), just the thought of anything with a mathematical basis, particularly statistics, turns you off. So your answer to this question is likely to be, Of course not! But consider this: Math problems you struggled with werent about you. A community sample is another matter: You have a reasonable chance of being part of one, especially if you have  borderline personality disorder  (BPD).?? Community Sampling Is a Different Type of Research You probably know that medical researchers often seek out people to study whove been identified as having certain characteristics, which may include specific diseases or disorders. An example would be a collection of randomly selected persons who are seeking treatment for a mental health disorder such as BPD. This is called a treatment sample. This is the type of study typically done to assess the safety and effectiveness of new pharmaceutical medications.?? Maybe you or someone you know has taken part in this type of clinical study, also called a clinical trial. Community sampling is different. How? In community sampling, the researchers take their study participants, their sample, from the community in general. Not surprisingly, this is called a community sample. Their goal is to learn how many people in the sample have a certain condition, such as BPD. Sometimes, as with other types of research studies, the results of one community sampling may be used to estimate the number of people in larger populations who have the disease or disorder.?When BPD is estimated for larger populations, the result may be that many people who have BPD without knowing it eventually receive the correct diagnosis and treatment. 9 Symptoms May Indicate Borderline Personality Disorder Diagnosis Community Sampling Is Also Researched Differently Clinical studies like the ones done to test new medications are almost always done at medical research centers.?? The participants  come to the researchers. In contrast, the interviewers for community sampling contact one randomly selected person or household at a time.?? They go to them. The interviews may be done face to face, by telephone or postal mail, or on the Internet. The participants are interviewed once, whereas those taking part in medication-testing clinical trials are most often evaluated over weeks, months, or even years. What Else Should I Know? Researchers choose the type of study they want to do based on many criteria, particularly the specific ways the study findings may be used. For this reason, if you should find yourself looking at a study of, say, people with BPD, you should pay attention to whether the participants were drawn from a treatment or a community sample.

President Franklin D. Roosevelt s New Deal - 1374 Words

President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s New Deal did not solve the problems of the Great Depression and slowed economic recovery for America until World War II. The Great Depression brought about a high unemployment, and the New Deal did not deal with it successfully. The Democratic Party benefited from the New Deal’s social and work programs because it shifted the African American vote from Republican to Democrat. (Powell, 2003) Some of the programs from the New Deal that exist today are broken and manipulated by the federal government and the American citizens that depend on those programs. There are reasons why these programs were implemented but those reasons were not to help the working class and the poor but to keep them dependent on the government. The Great Depression brought about high unemployment due to the stock market crash of 1929. The average U.S. unemployment rate in 1931 at the start of the Great Depression was 15% and at the end of the Great Depression in 1939; the rate was 17%. Powell (2003) wrote, â€Å"The most troubling issue has been the persistence of high unemployment throughout the New Deal period. From 1934 to 1940, the median annual unemployment rate was 17.2 percent.† (p. 129) When we look at unemployment rates among the races, in 1931 it peaked at 31.7% among Whites and was well over 50% among Blacks. Because most Blacks were situated in the South, many Blacks moved north to obtain factory work. With the entrance of the United States into World War IIShow MoreRelatedPresident Franklin D. Roosevelt s New Deal1119 Words   |  5 PagesWhen President Franklin D. Roosevelt was elected in 1932, he took office in one of the worst economic crises in American history. The preceding three years were three years of significant hardship that took a toll on the nation’s morale. He won the presidency in a landslide vote over the fairly conservative incumbent Herbert Hoover showing the American people were desperate for changes that could restore the nation to economic prosperity seen in the 1920’s. Once he was inaugurated, he quickly jumpedRead MorePresident Franklin D. Roosevelt s New Deal1279 Words   |  6 Pagesnation was in a state of crisis when Franklin D. Roosevelt took office in 1933. The Great Depression had caused severe unemployment (up to 90% in some cities!), business failures, and serious disruptions in international trade. It’s no understatement that Roosevelt had a lot of work to do to fix the nation and restore trust in the government! This is when FDR’s New Deal comes in. As an AP US History student, it is important for you to know what the New Deal is, but also why it is important. ThisRead MoreThe Social Security Act ( Ssa ) Of President Franklin D. Roosevelt s New Deal1102 Words   |  5 Pagesdrafted during the Great Depression as part of President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s New Deal. The SSA was an attempt to limit what were seen as dangers in the American life, including old age, poverty, unemployment, and the burden of widows and fatherless children. The SSA was intended to provide a minimal level of sustenance to older Americans, saving them from poverty. By signing the Social Security Act, President Roosevelt became the first president to advocate federal assistance for the elderlyRead MoreFranklin D. Roosevelt : An Effective American President And Leader1509 Words   |  7 Pages1 Bernier Abby Bernier Mrs. Walden Sophomore Honors History Period 1 8 December 2014 The Presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt Thesis: Franklin D. Roosevelt was an effective American president and leader. Franklin D. Roosevelt was a powerful leader and one of the most highly regarded presidents in American history. He connected well with American people, had a strong character, possessed a clear vision for America, had valuable political skills, and could lead people in challenging times. With recentRead MoreThe New Deal: Franklin Roosevelt879 Words   |  4 Pages The term, The New Deal, comes from Franklin Roosevelt’s 1932 democratic presidential nomination acceptance speech, Roosevelt says, I pledge you, I pledge myself, to a new deal for the American people.(Referring to the great depression) Roosevelt explains the New Deal as a use of the authority of government as an organized form of self-help for all classes and groups and sections of our country. The New Deal program was born in a Brain Trust meeting prior to Roosevelt’s inauguration. (Anonymous)Read MoreThe New Deal was created to create the U.S.A a lot of convenient country to Americans in want. it800 Words   |  4 PagesThe New Deal was created to create the U.S.A a lot of convenient country to Americans in want. it had been created throughout Franklin D. Roosevelt’s 1st term of presidency within the year 1933. The New Deal was a sequence of programs that were created to assist the u. s. cope with financial condition happening throughout that point. financial condition had a serious have an effect on on Americans; lack of employment, depression, homeless, and more. repeatedly families can desire they wereRead MoreFranklin D. Roosevelt: The Thirty- Second President of United States710 Words   |  3 PagesFranklin D. Roosevelt, the 32 president of the United States of America. His life began on January 30th of the year 1882 in Hyde Park, New York. Family was not so big. He had both of his parents. His parents were Sara Delano and James Roosevelt. Roosevelt did have only one sibling he was a half-brother named James Roosevelt. His mother passed away when he was 59 and his father passed away when he was 18. Roosevelt was home schooled until 1896 by the school Groton School in Massachusetts. He attendedRead MorePresident Lincoln And George Washington846 Words   |  4 Pagesdetermination, and an enormous amount of leadership. Presidents devote countless hours of their time for the betterment of our nation. Because of this, presidents like Abraham Lincoln and George Washington who lead America through some of the toughest times, are deeply admired by people then and now. One president who rescued America out of its most desperate times stands out among many other of our nation s leaders. Franklin Delano Roosevelt had a difficult life that gave him the opportunity toRead MoreFranklin Delano Roosevelt Vs. Franklin Roosevelt1559 Words   |  7 PagesFranklin Delano Roosevelt was conceived on January 30, 1882, into an affluent gang. The Roosevelts had been unmistakable for a few eras, having made their fortune in land and exchange. Franklin was the main offspring of James Roosevelt and Sara Ann Delano Roosevelt. The family inhabited Springwood, their domain in the Hudson River Valley in New York State. While growing up, Franklin Roosevelt was encompassed by benefit and a feeling of pomposity. He was instructed by guides and tutors until age 14Read MoreFranklin D. Roosevelt And The New Deal1116 Words   |  5 PagesHyde Park, New York, Franklin D. Roosevelt was stricken with polio in 1921. He became the 32nd US president in 1933, and was the only president to be elected four times. Roosevelt led the United States through the Great Depression and World War II, and greatly expanded the powers of the federal government through a series of programs and reforms known as the New Deal. Roosevelt died in Georgia in 1945. President Roosevelt’s parents made a living both on real estate and trade. Roosevelt was schooled

The Narmer Palette The Great Hierakonpolis Palette And...

The Narmer Palette, also known as the Great Hierakonpolis Palette or the Palette of Narmer, is one of the most significant Egyptian archeological find, dating from about the 31st century BC, it contains some of the earliest hieroglyphic inscriptions ever found in history. It is thought by some to depict the unification of Upper and Lower Egypt under the king Narmer. On one side, the king is shown with the bulbed white crown of Upper Egypt, and on the other side it shows the king wearing the red crown of Lower Egypt. The Palette of Narmer accommodates one of the earliest known characterizations of an Egyptian king. The Palette shows many of the classic delegations of Ancient Egyptian art. The Egyptologist Bob Brier has referred to the Narmer Palette as the first historical document in the world. Narmer was an ancient Egyptian king of the Early Dynastic Period. Some people consider Narmer as the unifier of Egypt (both upper and lower) and the father of the First Dynasty, therefore known as the first king of a unified Egypt. The identity of Narmer is the subject of ongoing debate, although mainstream Egyptological consensus identifies Narmer with the First Dynasty pharaoh Menes, who is also credited with the unification of Egypt, as the first pharaoh. This conclusion is based on the Narmer Palette which shows Narmer as the unifier of Egypt and the two necropolis seals from the necropolis of Abydos that show him as the first king of the First Dynasty. Narmer has been cited asShow MoreRelated Apollo vs. The Palette of Narmer Essay example773 Words   |  4 Pages The two works of art that have been chosen to compare and contrast are The Palette Of Narmer and Apollo of Veii. The Palette Of Narmer dates back to the Hierakonpolis Dynasty 1 in 3100 BCE. The Palette of Narmer is int eresting because it is the oldest historic work of art that names a person, and is the earliest piece of art that uses hieroglyph. This artwork depicts the dawn of a new age of man and his use of writing and pictographs in art. The statue of Apollo, from Veii comes from the EtruscanRead MoreThe Palette Of King Narmer1522 Words   |  7 PagesThe Palette of King Narmer Stretching across ten countries and spanning over four thousand miles, the Nile River became the heart of Egyptian civilization. The lower (northern) Nile overflowed its banks several months out of the year before the creation of the Aswan High Dam in 1970. When the floodwaters receded, they left a new layer of rich silt behind, making the surrounding valley and delta a fertile and desirable habitat. As early as 8000 BCE, the people who inhabited the valley of the world’sRead MoreAncient Egyptian Art : The Art Of Ancient Egypt883 Words   |  4 PagesAdditionally, stone palettes not only served as a beautiful piece of art, but it also helped to illustrate the progress of civilization. The Oxford palette from the Hierakonpolis temple portrays wild confusion of animals as well as dead people being attacked by lions. As time passed, the palettes became more elaborate and showed human progress. For example, the Palette of Narmer illustrates the advancement of civilization by por traying the unification of Upper and Lower Egypt under Narmer. The back of theRead MorePredynastic And Dynastic Egypt1604 Words   |  7 Pagesformation that occurred in Egypt are significantly based on a few key artifacts such as palettes, plaques, and maceheads. Egyptian state formation refers to distinct socioeconomic and political changes that occurred between 4500 and 2000 BC. Narmer’s Palette is one of the major pieces of evidence behind traditional state formation theories. This palette was found in 1894 in an Upper Egypt settlement, Hierakonpolis and is thought to depict the unifying of Upper and Lower Egypt through war and violence

Custodial issues Free Essays

Every year thousands of prisoners are released from prisons on parole or after completing their jail terms. To ensure that prisoners return to their normal lives without re- offending governments adopt programs meant to prepare prisoners for life after prison. Such programs may involve prisoners being allowed to work in community projects in order to instill a sense of responsibility in them. We will write a custom essay sample on Custodial issues or any similar topic only for you Order Now Additionally, prisoners may be allowed to work away from prisons and return when they have finished work. In some cases prisoners are permitted to visit the community. But despite these noble initiatives, cases of prisoners re-offending soon after they are released from prisons are not uncommon. This reveals that the programs are not always effective and something needs to be done to improve the situation. I strongly agree with probation experts such as Maburi (2009) that the psychological confusion, social stigma and economic hardships that they experience are partly to blame for prisoners re-offending tendencies. I believe that the excessively punitive sentences issued to convicts harden them instead of reforming them. Such sentences ignore the fact that convicts will at one time return to the community yet and do little to prepare them for life after prison. To prevent cases of ex convicts re-offending, courts should take bear in mind rehabilitation of prisoners back to the community after their jail terms. Towards this end, I believe there is need for further cooperation between the judiciary and the prisons and rehabilitation departments. By issuing humane punishments, courts will not only help in decongesting prisons but also save time and resources spent in charging and convicting the same persons for the same criminal offence repeatedly. This will definitely boost efficiency of both departments. While the move by governments to rehabilitate ex-prisoners into the community is laudable, I think there is need to enhance cooperation between rehabilitation departments and prisoners’ families and communities. This helps reduce stigmatization of prisoners thereby helping them regain their self esteem and quicken their reintegration into the community. The community also benefits from reduced cases of crimes. At the same time, by working closely with ex convicts, community leaders are able to monitor ex convicts movements and detect any criminal tendencies. Such monitoring also protects reformed ex convicts from being accused of criminal behaviors. I also believe that there is need to increase financial assistance accorded to ex-prisoners. As a result of social stigma that faces ex convicts, they face challenges in securing employment, consequently some of them may resort to criminal activities such as robbery to meet their needs. To reduce chances of ex prisoners re-offending, I would strongly advocate for the creation of organizations based on the alcohol anonymous model. This would entail prisoners and ex prisoners coming together to help each other overcome their criminal behaviours. Since they share similar experiences it would be easier for them to open up to each other and get assistance. Such a move will help reduce recidivism and other offences. Finally, I would propose that ex prisoners be made to pay back to the community for crimes committed. This could help deter them from committing crimes and boost reconciliation efforts in the community. References Maburi T, K (2009) Re-Integration of Ex-Prisoners Back Into Society – What More Can We Do? In The New Times 26 October 2009 retrieved from http://allafrica. com/stories/200910270086. html on May 10, 2010 How to cite Custodial issues, Papers

Unilever Strategic Management - Sample Solution

Question: Describe the Case Study for Unilever and his Strategic Management. Answer: Introduction Strategic management is an important part of every organization. This helps the firm to focus on its long term goal. In this report, a corporation with multiple business units will be selected for analysing its strategies. The paper will identify different business units and its product lines. The greatest source of revenue for the organization will be identified. The report will also present external environment analysis. The source of sustainable competitive advantage of the chosen firm will be identified in this paper. Corporation Identification Corporation is a large business or organization or group of companies act as a single entity with legal authorization. Corporation enjoys the rights and responsibility of an individual owner. In this kind of business owners have limited liability. Some legal rights separate this entity from the owners. The tax implication is also different for a corporation. The ownership structure of a corporation is also managed flexibly (Moore 2016). Product portfolio is the collection of all products that are offered by the organization. It comprises of different product categories; product lines and the product itself. The product portfolio should be focused on achieving the goal of the organization. Those products should be in the portfolio that brings extra revenue. Based on the performance of the product, the management decides invest on the particular product (McNally, Durmuolu and Calantone 2013). A service portfolio is comprised of list of service irrespective of their positions in the life cycle. Service portfolio tackles performance of the various department and ensures that company is offering right mix of services. The service portfolio focuses on consumers satisfaction that will help to bring profit to the organization. In this report, Unilever has been chosen for the analysis. This in an Anglo-Dutch multinational consumer goods company. The company was founded in 1930 by the merging of a Dutch margarine producer and the British soap makers. Later it has diversified its production. Unilever N.V and Unilever Plc, these two companies operate as a single entity. It has common board of directors. Therefore, this company meets the feature of a corporation. Unilever has its headquarters at Netherland and United Kingdom. It is the third largest consumer goods company after Procter Gamble and Nestle, as of 2012. The company operates worldwide and has subsidiaries in almost 190 countries (Unilever 2016). Hindustan Unilever is one of the notable subsidiaries, as Unilever holds 67% share. This multinational company operates companies and factories in every continent apart from Antarctica. The company owns more than 400 brands, therefore, it has to maintain product portfolio that extents multiple business unit s. Corporate Research Business Unit is logical segment of an organization that represents specific business function. A corporation has different business units and each unit is responsible for profit generation (Abernethy, Bouwens and Lent 2013). The business units of a corporation can be production unit; accounting team; marketing unit and so on. All of these units contributes to improve the profit level. Business units are focused on each set of products. Business units are essential for a company that has multiple products. Group of related products under single brand is sold by the company, which is known as product line. A company can expand by offering many product lines, i.e. it sells multiple product under various brands (Best 2012). Product line is created as marketing strategy in order to capture the market. The consumers prefer the brand they are already using. Therefore, launching different but related product under same brand is likely to have more positive response. Product line helps to gauge the trends in the market. Unilever has different business units as well as multiple product lines. The business units of this company can be broadly classified into two groups; production and sales. There are four major units of this corporation, such as, Foods; Personal Care; Home Care and Refreshments. This company owns more than 400 brands. The Foods unit includes production and sales of soups; sauce; snacks; salad dressings; bouillons; mayonnaise; margarines and spreads. The Home care product line includes powders; liquids and capsules; soap bars; detergent and other cleaning products. Personal care incorporates deodorants; skin care and hair care products; oral care products etc. The Refreshment product line incorporates ice cream; tea-based beverages; coffee; weight management products etc(Unilever 2016). Some of the famous brands of this corporation for multiple product lines are as follows: Body Wash: Lux; Liril; Dove; Pears; Lifebuoy; Breeze; Rexona Laundry: Surf Excel (Drive); Vim; Wheel; Rin; Comfort Deodorants: Axe; Rexona; Lever 2000 Skin Care: Vaseline; Ponds; Lakme; Fair Lovely Hair Care: Clinic Plus; Sunsilk; TRESemme; Dove; Clear Oral Care: Pepsodant; Close Up Ice Cream: Cornetto; Magnum; Streets (Heartbrand) Spreads: Flora (Becel); Bertolli Tea: Lipton; Brooke Bond; Bushells; Lan-Choo Coffee: Bru Corporation Revenue Centres Revenue is the amount of money received by a company during a particular timeframe. Revenue is earned from normal business activities that are by selling goods and services. An organization focuses on maximizing the revenues collected through sales. The more will be the revenue, the more profit is assured and the corporation can invest more in its next venture (Wang 2013). A company or a corporation reviews its revenue obtained from its respective product lines and from the product itself. This is because, a corporation will not invest in a product or certain product line, which has failed to bring sufficient revenue. Unilever turnover from its different product lines during 2015 are as follows: Revenue from Personal Care: 20.1 Billion Revenue from Foods: 12.9 Billion Revenue from Home Care: 10.2 Billion Revenue from Refreshment: 10.1 Billion Therefore, it can be said that Personal Care products of Unilever have generated maximum revenue(Unilever 2016). Source: Unilever 2016 Source: Unilever 2016 Source: Unilever 2016 Source: Unilever 2016 Source: Unilever 2016 Unilever have 13 brands that have sales of 1 Billion or more. Some of them are also Sustainable Living Brands, such as Knorr. The 1 Billion brands of Unilever are as follows: Axe Dove Knorr Lux Rexona Lipton Hellmanns Heartbrand Magnum Surf Sunsilk Omo Rama(Unilever 2016) External Environment Analysis It is important to analyse the scenario or the circumstances where the business is operating. The operating environment includes both external and internal environment (Shroff, Verdi and YU 2013).The external factors that effects the environment of the corporation are: political factor (P); economical factor (E); social factor (S); technological factor (T); legal factor (L) and environmental factor (E). Therefore, the PESTLE Analysis will help to analyse the external environment of Unilever. Political Factor: Unilever is a Corporation that acts as single entity behalf of two firms, one in Amsterdam and the other in London. Both the British and Dutch political systems are instable. The governmental frameworks have major impacts on the conduct of business. Netherlands changed its rate of VAT thrice since 2010 (Wolf 2014). This affects the business of Unilever. Netherlands and UK are members of European Union that enables trade among the member nation with certain rules regarding the business and lowering trade barriers. However, during 2012, Netherlands wanted to pull the nation out of EU in order to ease local Dutch economy, whereas, UK wanted to continue on EU membership. Withdrawing of membership could have massive impact on the business like Unilever (Rankin 2014). Since 1960s and 1970s, many countries have adopted nationalization policy. The companies were subject to local control on price; quantity; employment and imports. This was quite hazardous for Unilever, as it has lost some control over the market operation (Nyuur, Osabutey and Debrah 2014). For example, Unilever subsidiary in Africa, UAC, remitted a significant share of profit to its parent company. However, nationalizing in many African countries reduced the control of Unilever over the market operated by UAC. The political unrest in the Middle East hindering the opportunity of Unilever to grow in those region. The most of the revenue comes from developing and emerging countries. Hence, globalization and policies of that regional government affects the corporation. However, Unilever utilizes its experience and goodwill to make agreements or contracts in many countries by bargaining with the respective governments to modify their regulations. Economic Factor: Unilever faces challenges because of its decline in sales due to global financial crisis. Europe was one of the regions that was severely affected due to the global economic crisis. The household consumption of Europe has severely fallen due to the recession. The household consumption level is still not at the level of pre-crisis period. The unemployed has also grew up and wage has fallen in many economies (Gerstberger and Yaneva 2013). This indicates that people have less capacity to purchase. Consumers demand less due to lack of wealth and this adversely affects the manufacturer of fast-moving consumer goods like Unilever. Instead of global economic crisis, some of the regions like Latin America; China and India are booming and Unilever enjoys considerable opportunity to earn significant revenue from these markets. At present, most of the sales revenues are coming from these markets (Unilever 2016). In some economies, companies have to pay duties that were uncertain due to unstable currency and high rate of inflation. This kind of uncertainty of economic variables affects the profit level of Unilever. If the tax is too high, then even after a high turnover, the profit after tax will be insignificant. In many markets, where Unilever has expanded its operations, like Africa, per capita income is too low. In such markets the economic development has not taken place and as a result of this Unilever may not generate high revenue. Social Factor: Due to advance medical provisions, the life expectancy rate is rising over times. Moreover, the fertility rate is falling. Due to these two facts and ageing of the baby-boomers has accelerated the ageing of population (Reher 2015). This demographic change will require changes in the business like Unilever. The company has to change its structure of demand in future. The needs of the older people are unique and Unilever has to meet those. For example, old people would prefer ready-to-cook or ready-to-eat meals. Moreover, due to the stagnant and aged population, Unilever faced problem of labour shortage. People have become more aware of health and ethical issues. People now demands ethically produced goods and healthy products. As a result of this, Unilever introduced products like Flora and I cant Believe its not Butter, two margarine brands (Rankin 2014). Due to the growing awareness, Unilever has been working to improve the hygiene and better nutrition to the people with obesity and poor people (Cunningham et al. 2015). In some nations, literacy rate is low. This influences the marketing tool used by the company. Advertisement in print media will not be much effective as people are illiterate. Therefore, Unilever has to employ more resources in order to enhance face-to-face communication. Hence, this social factor influences the marketing campaigns of the company. By building exclusive culture and goodwill, Unilever can create high demand for its product in the developing nations. Technological Factor: Unilever continue to invent new technology in order to boast the production and improve the quality of its products. Technical incapability in R D activity can adversely affect the revenue and profit of the company. Therefore, high automation level is a major success criteria of Unilever. Uses of social media; retail website is growing and Unilever need to join internet and mobile technologies to have better access to its customers. The online discussion with the customers can influence the purchasing decision and increase the customer base (Sashi 2012). Unilever spends on IT for improving its e-business. This will minimize the cost to the company. this will enhance the brand image and product quality. Through the improved connectivity, the price and promotional information is readily available to the consumers (Shaikh 2013). This provides the shoppers to access online store immediately. Unilever Technology Venture work along with Unilever R D to meet the need of the customers. A consumer goods producing corporation like Unilever is concerned with advance bioscience; Nano technology; advanced materials science and genomics. Legal Factor: Organization like Unilever is subject to local and regional laws and regulation and global rules as well. The rules cover the areas of product safety; trademarks; copyright; health and safety; corporate governance etc. the local tax and employment laws also affect the business activity of the company. Breaching of laws and regulations can hamper the reputation of the company. Unilever has to abide national laws of the 190 countries. Unilever is must not discriminate individuals on the basis of age; gender; race; religion etc. (Hyman et al. 2012). Mandatory age of retirement has been removed from both the Netherland and UK. Environmental Factor: Environmental degradation is of major concern in the global economy. The focus is on the utilizing minimum resources and generating less waste. It works in association with the governing authority in regard of waste management. It reduces plastic waste to the landfill. Unilever has maintained environmental standard by producing and designing products, which are safe and healthy for the consumers. Establishment of EU Emissions Trading System attempts to reduce carbon emissions to meet the Kyoto Protocol (De Sadeleer 2014). Unilever uses environment friendly materials and packages. The company is also working on projects like safe drinking water. Sustainable Competitive Advantage The internal analysis emphasises on the resources that the company possesses. The competitive advantage of Unilever depends on the nature and the competency of the resources. The more competent the resources are the more the company will enjoy sustainable competitive advantage (David and David 2016). SWOT analysis will be conducted to identify the advantage and disadvantage of the company and competitive advantage will be verified under VRIO framework. Strength: Size of the Company is its major strength. It is the manufacturer of more than 400 brands over 190 countries (Thain and Bradley 2014). The major advantage of this corporation is its brand recognition and longevity. It is the oldest multinational corporation. Unilever is headquartered in two countries, thus floated on two indexes. It is also floated secondarily on New York Stock Exchange. The volume of skills; knowledge; experience embodied in the employees of the company and excellent managerial skill are the strengths of Unilever. Strong supply chain of the company has put it to an advantageous position. Unilever invests huge amount in R D activities. Weakness: Many have argued that broad portfolio of the company is the reason for weakness of this company. Broad ranges of product with 400 brands are hard to manage. Therefore, the company loses focus in marketing. Unilever charges higher price than its competitors. The company claims that high price is for the quality of the product, while critics opines that the huge investment of R D attributed to high price. Unilever is less connected to its customers directly. Unilever does not have any premium market. Opportunity: Unilever has significant opportunity to reduce its advertisement expenditure by promoting through social media. Increasing demand for healthy products can increase the sales of the company. There is lot of opportunity in the personal care product line as it can be more customized. The company has huge possibility to introduce new product regularly. This is because; research facilities in England; Bangalore (India); Shanghai (China); New Jersey (USA) have the ability to refine existing products and develop new product. Threats: Strong competition from MNCs and local company is quite strong. The top competitors are Procter and Gamble; Nestle as they have similar product line and business model. The company has a large share of premium brands in its product line. Economic downturn possess threat to such brands as sales and sales margin are affected. As food price has increased, Unilever has to pass on food inflation to maintain the profit margin. Thus, it has to rethink about its strategic choice. The growth in the emerging market is also slowing down. Social ethics and concern in the region like, India; Japan; Thailand considered as a threat to the company. Unilever has been criticized for manufacturing fairness products. VRIO Analysis From analysing the strengths of Unilever, the competency of the available resources can be verified. Unilever is said to have sustainable competitive advantage over one resource, if it is valuable; rare; inimitable and organized (VRIO) (Stadler, Helfat and Verona, 2013). These are the four factors. The Brand image of Unilever enables the corporation to exploit the external and internal opportunity. It can bring potential revenue to the company. Hence, this is valuable. Brand image is rare as even if other firm possesses their own brand, the brand image of Unilever is more reputed because of its goodwill. The brands of Unilever bring higher profit than the normal profit level. Therefore, it enjoys competitive advantage. The competitor cannot the imitate the brand image of this corporation, as brand value is an intangible resource of Unilever. Even if other firm wants to create their own brand image, it will require to employ high cost. Hence, it is not imitable. Unilever possesses mechanism to exploit its brand image. Hence, it is organized. The brand image of this corporation enjoys the sustainable competitive advantage. The innovation capability of Unilever is another resource that has sustainable competitive advantage. R D activity of the firm exploits its resources for innovation. Hence it is valuable. The competitors cannot make the same innovation; thus it is rare. The other companies cannot imitate the new innovated product line, as this will require buying patent of Unilever. It is inimitable. Unilever invests significant share of profits in innovation process. Thus, it is organized too. Hence, Innovation enables Unilever to enjoy sustainable competitive advantage. Unilever has core competency over marketing and advertising; relationship with the customers and supplier. These resources are valuable and rare, as these help to earn high revenue for the company and other firms may not have same relationship with the stakeholders. However, the competitors can easily imitate these. Therefore, these resources have temporary competitive advantage. Source: Metzger 2014 Recommendation for Strategic Direction Strategic direction is the action that a firm undertakes to achieve its goals and objectives. Proper strategic direction enables the company to grow in the long term and to sustain in the competition (Rothaermel 2015). According to Porters generic Strategies, there are three strategic options to the organization, namely, Cost Leadership; Differentiation and Focus strategy (Tanwar 2013). Unilever competes with the competitors in terms of price. It is recommended that the corporation should charge low price by improving internal capability. This is cost leadership that will help the firm to achieve competitive advantage. Unilever offers product line similar to that of its competitors. It must differentiate its product line by innovation so that it can enjoy competitive advantage. Therefore, cost leadership and differentiation strategies are recommended for future growth of Unilever. References Abernethy, M.A., Bouwens, J. and Lent, L., 2013. The role of performance measures in the intertemporal decisions of business unit managers. Contemporary Accounting Research, 30(3), pp.925-961. Best, R., 2012. Market-based management. Pearson Higher Ed. 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